WISN-TV's 50th Anniversary

[Dick Nitelinger]

Yet another Milwaukee television station celebrates its 50th anniversary this year. On 27 October, WISN-TV will do so.

Its first nine months were, to put it mildly, eventful!

Prior to the FCC’s “freeze” of new TV applications on 30 September 1948, Milwaukee had been allotted three channels: 3, 10 and 12. Channel 3 was assigned to WTMJ-TV, which went on the air on 3 December 1947.

Prior to the lifting of the freeze, only three applications had been filed for Milwaukee's remaining VHF channels. These were received from the Hearst Corp. (which once had an evening newspaper called The Wisconsin News, and at the time owned both WISN radio, and the morning newspaper, The Milwaukee Sentinel), Milwaukee Broadcasting, Inc. (which owned WEMP radio), and Wisconsin Broadcasting System, Inc. (which owned WFOX radio). Hearst had applied for channel 10 just prior to the freeze.

When the FCC issued its sixth general order and report in 1952, it provided for 617 VHF, 1436 UHF, and 242 educational/non-commercial licenses. Channel 10 was allotted for educational/non-commercial use. Hearst was not pleased, and filed objections with the FCC, and (later) suit in federal court.

Midwest Broadcasting, the owner of WCAN radio, applied for channel 12, but sensing that the UHF channels would be less desirable, it amended its application to channel 25 in order to avoid lengthy license hearings. As I pointed out in a message last year, WCAN-TV became Milwaukee’s second TV station.

Hearst Radio, Inc. and the Wisconsin Broadcasting System, Inc. (WFOX) also asked that additional channels be allocated to Milwaukee. Both requests were rejected by the FCC.

There were numerous applicants for the remaining commercial VHF frequency (channel 12). Included were the Milwaukee Area Telecasting Company, Milwaukee Broadcasting, Co. (WEMP), the Wisconsin Broadcasting System (WFOX), and Kolero Telecasting Corp.

Meanwhile, Hearst showed the FCC that by shifting channel 6 from Green Bay to Marquette, MI (with Green Bay getting channel 5), it could allot VHF channel 6 to the area – in this case Whitefish Bay.

Milwaukee Broadcasting was confident of getting the license, and had purchased land for the tower in Lincoln Park. Since Milwaukee’s third TV station, WOKY-TV had its antenna on its tower, WEMP made some tests using the facilities of WOKY-TV. (Shots of Carl Zimmerman and the late Earl Gillespie – both of whom worked for WEMP at the time – can be found in the Milwaukee TV history page of my website.)

On 4 December 1953, the FCC allotted channel 6 to the village of Whitefish Bay. The same day, Cream City Broadcasting, Inc. turned in its permit for channel 31 and filed an application for channel 6. The following week, Hearst Radio, Inc. filed an application for the same channel.

On 31 December 1953, a hearing before the FCC began in Washington, D.C. regarding the applications for channel 12. A long battle for the license seemed likely.

In early May of 1954, the four applicants for channel 12 made public the fact that they had been holding merger discussions in order to avoid prolonged license hearings.

The three other applicants for channel 12 agreed to merge with the Milwaukee Area Telecasting Corp., and its application was approved by the FCC on 11 June 1954. (The merger agreement gave the other parties the option to purchase stock in the new corporation.) The commission turned down WCAN-TV's request to switch from channel 25 to channel 12.

On 27 October 1954, WTVW, owned and operated by the Milwaukee Area Telecasting Co., began broadcasting on channel 12. The calls stood for “Wisconsin’s Television Window”. They had a fall programming deadline from ABC (The first broadcast of “Disneyland”). They had a partially completed 300 ft. tower, and had poured a concrete slab in Lincoln Park swampland, originally purchased by Milwaukee Broadcasting. In order to begin operations, they erected a huge circus tent. Their first building was built inside the tent while they broadcast their first programs!) It became the ABC affiliate, and also carried Du Mont network shows. The station’s address was the Empire Building downtown – the original home to WEMP radio, from which its call letters derived.

It was a marriage of convenience. WTVW management complained that they received numerous calls from stockholders asking for jobs for relatives and friends.

In that atmosphere, Hearst decided to make a bid for the station, and entered into negotiations in December of 1954.

Despite objections from the chairman of the board of WTVW's parent company (who resigned in protest), the FCC approved the sale of WTVW to the Hearst Corp. on 4 March 1955. Hearst then dropped its application for channel 6. Its litigation over the designation of channel 10 as educational/non-commercial would not be settled until 1957.

Hearst completed the construction of an 1105 foot tower and changed WTVW’s call letters to WISN-TV at 11:30 a.m. on 25 July 1955.

The station moved to new facilities on 19th and Wisconsin in October of 1957.

On 2 April 1961, WISN-TV and WITI swapped affiliations, with WITI becoming the ABC affiliate, and WISN-TV the CBS. CBS had WISN radio as its local outlet, and had wanted to affiliate with WISN-TV as well. There were also reports of conflict between CBS and WITI’s parent, Storer Broadcasting.

On 27 April 1977, WITI and WISN-TV again swapped affiliations, with WISN-TV reverting to ABC and WITI to CBS. WISN-TV remains an ABC affiliate to this day.

- Dick
http://www.milwaukee-horror-hosts.com

[Den Mayer]

Interesting Milwaukee TV History....

From my 1949-51 TV viewing days in Racine on

Eisenhower Dr, I remember TMJ TV 3 News, Weather, & Sports

as Bob Hess, Bill Carlson, & Larry Clark.....

Then I moved to GBay in 52, no TV & no dial telephones...

In 1953 GBay WBAY-TV went on the air as Channel 2

and pushed TMJ from Chan 3 to Chan 4....

[Dick Nitelinger]

It may have contributed, but the primary reason WTMJ-TV shifted from channel 3 to channel 4 was because it interefered with another channel 3 in Kalamazoo, MI.

WBBM in Chicago shifted to channel 2 at the same time. (See the Milwaukee TV history page on my website.)

- Dick
http://www.milwaukee-horror-hosts.com

[Den Mayer]

Thanks Dick N. for the even more Complete MKE

TV History & web side!! Superb.... After reading...,

Now, I believe there was much more to the TMJ move

from Chan 3 to Chan 4 than just GBay WBAY coming on

line for an 'open non adjacent channel slot'...


I have my TMJ correction: News was Bob Heiss, not
Bob Hess (Spelling & my memory fade)

[kwinrich]

In addition, the FCC wanted to slide a Madison channel 3.

[Dick Nitelinger]

WISC-TV certainly came later, but I don't know that it was in the works in 1952, when the FCC lifted the freeze. As late as May, 1956 Madison was an all-UHF city, with WHA on channel 21, WKOW on channel 27 and WMTV on channel 33. By January, 1957, WISC was on the air.

It might have been a part of the post-freeze channel assignment scheme, but I don't know that. It must have taken a LONG time for the license hearings to be resolved as well.

Is there anyone who knows?

- Dick

[BrewCityNews]

I'm really surprised that WISN 12 hasn't promoted this.... and there' s been no mention in Cuprisin's column (that I've seen yet).

Anyway, Happy Anniversary, WISN 12!

(Today also marks the centennial of the NYC Subway)

[Gregg Lengling]

Interesting as Channel 12 is just as old as the transistor radio!:D

[BrewCityNews]

Update: I guess WISN 12's 50th Anniversary will be a part of the upcoming 12 News On Assignment.

http://www.themilwaukeechannel.com/news/3922202/detail.html

[Dick Nitelinger]

Thanks for posting thie link! I'll be sure to watch!

- Dick

[John L]

I wish I would have videotaped the program. But it brought back memories. Starting out with the day WTVW first signed on the air with its first TV program "Walt Disney". Some few excerpts of local children's programming including "Pop's Theatre & Rocky". there was another children's show I don't recall, probably never watched it. I do remember Howard and Rosemary Gurnette in "Dialing For Dollars". Jerry Taft did a presnt day interview eith Rosemary Gurnette. If I recall when they both left WISN-TV, both Howard and Rosemary moved up north and got a job at WSAU (now WSAW-TV) ch. 7 in Wausau. I believe Howard did the weather for them. I know Howard past away, I recall hearing about it, but don't recall what year.

"Hello Milwaukee" ch. 12's theme song during the 70s and 80s. If anyone who is young and doesn't know what a Test pattern is, ch. 12 showed their first day sign on Test Pattern. I'm sure most young people who watch TV nowadays have never seen a Test Pattern.

Well let me explain. Many Years ago TV stations used to shut down around Midnight, meaning turning off their transmitters at night and always signed on like 6:00 or 7:00 am daily. Earlier TV Guides like the late 50s showed chs. 4, 6, and 12 signing on at 8:00 or 9:00 am. Ch. 18 being a independent signed on like 4:00 pm, but when they were a CBS affiliate sign on was like 7:00 or 8:00 am while ch. 6 was a independent signing on at 3:00 pm.

Now today it is very rare to find any of the locals shutting down during the wee hours. They do at times but those sign offs are not scheduled usually. But since we are all wired to TWC, you wouldn't notice it since the TV station continues programming over cable while transmitter is off.

I wish WISN-TV would have also covered the technology side of things too. But I guess they didn't have time to cover that. What I am referring to is their sign on as Black & White, to Color, Close Caption, Stereo, and now High Definition TV.

Yes I remember getting home from school and watching WISN-TV, at 3:30 pm it was Leave It to Beaver, 4:00 pm Gilligan's Island, somewhere along the line was thee old William Shatner and Leonard Nimoy "Star Trek" episodes that ran at 4:00 pm weekdays.

-John L.

[Dick Nitelinger]

Unfortunately, it isn't visible to the general public unless you're invited into the station, but the timeline which is now in the lobby is a wonderful little piece of history.

At the top is the timeline itself. It starts out in B&W and includes the early WTVW logo as well as the early ones for WISN-TV. As one continues into the 1960's, the logos change to color.

Below the timeline are individual panels - each of which is about some bit of history or a show. There are panels for the sign-on, the call letter switch (with a new tower and increase in power), Uncle Hugo, Punky and His Pals, Pops Theater, Dialing for Dollars, Shock Theater/Shock Rock, At 12, the switch from the CBS "eye' to the ABC logo when WITI and WISN-TV swapped affiliations (again) in 1977, and a few others.

I didn't see the show, and am REALLY hoping that someone I know taped it!

- Dick

[BrewCityNews]

I just caught it with my DVR. I can probably get that to tape or digitize it and get it on CD for you.

[Dick Nitelinger]

Thanks for the offer! A friend of mine taped it for me, so I now have it. A couple of other folks offered dupes as well. Thanks to all of you!

I did watch the replay Sunday night. Boy, I wish there had been longer clips of some of the old shows!

[Scott]

Dick,

Thanks for the link to your website......that was some good stuff.......a friend of mine and I used to always watch the CH 18 schock theatre as kids.....does anyone have a video file of that theme introduction with the music and tarantula? That was great.....

[John L]

Man I remember that Gold cube ch. 18 along with the tarantula for Shock theatre.

BTW: Some guy on radio-info.com board has been posting a history chronology about ch. 18 when it was WXIX. It's on radio-info.com in the Classic TV board.

He has 4 (parts) different messages about WXIX-TV.

-John L.
www.radio-info.com/index.phtml (http://www.radio-info.com/index.phtml)

[Dick Nitelinger]

I've been looking for a still of the WVTV "Shock Theater" opening for a number of years now, and have had no luck. The videotape was erased many years ago.

Hal Erickson is a friend of mine, who has been posting the history of WXIX/WUHF on Radio-Info. He has a collection of TV Guide which is almost complete, and many of the ads you see on my website were scanned from his originals. He also contributed some information of "The Big Movie" and "Movies From Tomorrow".

He is in love with the independent channel 18 as it existed prior to the sale to WKY.

- Dick

[John L]

Originally posted by Dick Nitelinger
He is in love with the independent channel 18 as it existed prior to the sale to WKY.

Well I was born on May 21, 1959. Obviously ch. 18 was off the air at the time but was currently in a transition of ownership change and probably change in studios from 5445 N. 27th to the what was then Shroeder Hotel which all I remember was the Marc Plaza Hotel. Being very young and a toddler I don't recall whether our large B&W console TV had a UHF tuner on it or not. I seem to recall knowing chs. 4, 6, 10, and 12. I remember ch. 10 was dark on weekends. But it wasn't until we got a new TV in 1965 that had UHF, but then I don't recall getting addicted to ch. 18. It wasn't until about 1971, especially when ch. 18 was going thru sever cuts in programming and operation. I used to remember "Funhouse 18" on at 7:00 weekday mornings. I guess I got interested when all of a sudden that show along with "Romper Room" got dropped and on-air time changed from 7:00 am to 1:30 pm. This is where I started to learn about the business reality of society, and how businesses make profits and suffer. I guess that meant that channel 18 had hard time making profits. I guess what really didn't help was the fact they were on UHF. But I am sure it was other things. Maybe most people don't get the thrill of watching a independent station as opposed to a Network station. But what I loved about ch. 18 is airing syndication of old shows. Also "Bowling for Dollars" and "Bowling Game" hosted by the late Lee Rothman.

-John L.

[Nels Harvey]

Back in 1970, Ibegan to work at Ch. 10/36 as an engineer. We signed on Ch. 10 about 8:00 A.M. and went off about 11:00 P.M. or 11:30 P.M. On Fridays, we went off right after the David Susskind show, usually about 10:20 P.M.

Ch. 36 would go on about 8:00 am, then off at about 10:30 A.M. after showing some locally produced school programming for MPS. It usually signed on again about 5:00 P.M. until perhaps 11:00 P.M. during the week.

On weekends, the engineers had a rotating list for who would sign on Saturday morning for overtime! We didn't even have a regularly scheduled crew for the weekends! Usually, Ch. 36 would sign on about 5:00 P.M. for Saturday evening, and in the Fall, aired Badger Football. Often this would take until 1:00 A.M. or even later, and Ch. 10 would be already off the air.

It's a lot different now that I've retired from there. Now, there are 10 different program sources coming from that facility, with usually only two engineers holding down the fort! It's all computer driven! How would you like to have DVR's like they have for your delays?

Nels....

[John L]

Originally posted by Nels Harvey

It's a lot different now that I've retired from there. Now, there are 10 different program sources coming from that facility, with usually only two engineers holding down the fort! It's all computer driven! How would you like to have DVR's like they have for your delays?

Nels....

I take it there wasn't much in the way of "automation" back then?

I take it today most switching and getting programs on the air is done by computers now that it is programmed ahead.

Surely there always has to be some people operating chs 10/36 around the clock as they are now both on the air 24 hours a day. But with computers and the equipment designed for automation I am sure there is less work for the production person.

-John L.

[Nels Harvey]

Originally posted by John L
I take it there wasn't much in the way of "automation" back then?

I take it today most switching and getting programs on the air is done by computers now that it is programmed ahead.

Surely there always has to be some people operating chs 10/36 around the clock as they are now both on the air 24 hours a day. But with computers and the equipment designed for automation I am sure there is less work for the production person.

-John L.

Ch. 10/36 was pretty poor then. The switchers, distribution amplifiers, and various routers were all home brew! There were a lot of 24 V. relays in the system.

They have an all night person watching over the whole show now. The programs are backed up on digital video tape (D-2 format), and if it burps, the person will run the tapes. It doesn't happen very often. Primarly they just watch, and sign the log for the transmitters from the remote control.

We used to have five, or more, people to run 2 transmitters and Master Control. The programming by computer gets by with fewer mistakes now, because it can be planned ahead, rather than doing it live. Gosh knows I managed to screw up enough when I was there!:)

Nels....

[Dick Nitelinger]

It turns out that channel 3 was assigned to Madison as a part of the post-freeze assignments in the FCC's Sixth General Order and Report in 1952. It was assigned for commercial use, which led to quite a bit of controversy.

In Milwaukee, channel 10 was assigned to non-commercial, educational use, and that was opposed by Hearst (who had applied for the channel before the freeze of 1948). That left one commercial VHF station available (channel 12, channel 4 was assigned to WTMJ-TV) and three UHF's (channels 19, 25 and 31).

In Madison the opposite occurred. Whoever got the commercial VHF would be at an advantage. There were numerous applicants, and even a petition to have chanel 21 designated as commercial and 3 as non-commercial, educational.

The battle for channel 3 took some time. During the 50's and early 60's, the FCC floated various deintermixture plans, and Madison was included as late as 1962. (It would have become an all UHF city. As you can guess, WISC opposed the plan, while the UHF stations supported it.) The FCC used those plans as leverage to eventually get the all-channel bill passed, which made it a requirement that all TV's shipped in interstate commerce have the ability to receive all channels - UHF as well as VHF.


WISC-TV certainly came later, but I don't know that it was in the works in 1952, when the FCC lifted the freeze. As late as May, 1956 Madison was an all-UHF city, with WHA on channel 21, WKOW on channel 27 and WMTV on channel 33. By January, 1957, WISC was on the air.

It might have been a part of the post-freeze channel assignment scheme, but I don't know that. It must have taken a LONG time for the license hearings to be resolved as well.

Is there anyone who knows?

- Dick

[John L]

I have an old TV Guide from the late 50s that WMTV on ch. 33 as opposed to ch. 15.

-John L.

[Dick Nitelinger]

I have an old TV Guide from the late 50s that WMTV on ch. 33 as opposed to ch. 15.

Yes, the post-freeze channel assignments for Madison were 3, 21, 27 and 33. Channel 21 was designated as non-commercial/educational.

The original construction permit for channel 33 was granted to Bartell Broadcasters - before they received the CP for channel 19 in Milwaukee. They sold the station (WMTV) in 1957, and it has been sold several times since. The frequency was shifted from channel 33 to channel 15 in the early 60's (If my memory is correct.)

By the way, it was WISC that filed the petition to have channel 3 designated as non-commercial/educational and channel 21 as commercial. They later wound up with the grant! Of course once they had the only VHF commercial station in the city, they fought the FCC's plans for deintermixture!

- Dick :OnAir:

http://www.milwaukee-horror-hosts.com

[Dick Nitelinger]

By the way, WMTV's switch from channel 33 to channel 15 took place in late October of 1961.

- Dick

[Dick Nitelinger]

I discovered some new information within the last month, which is now up on the Milwaukee TV history page of my website:

Hearst Radio, Inc. (WISN in Milwaukee) filed an application for television channel 4 (which at the time was 78-84 MHz) on 13 June 1945. All television was frozen by the FCC and the War Production Board, but Hearst filed anyway in anticipation of the freeze being lifted.

The Journal Co. still had a construction permit for channel 3 (WMJT). Back then it was 66-72 MHz. At the time there really weren't any hard rules re: adjacent channels. Later that year, the FCC released revised channel assignments as well as rules and regulations for TV (and FM). The channel assignments for Milwaukee and Madison were changed a few times. In the first draft, the chanels assigned to Milwaukee were 3, 5, 8 and 10. Madison received channel 3. After discussion, Milwaukee lost channel 5, with Madison receiving channel 6 in order to eliminate co-channel interference. By the time the final rules were announced in November of 1945, Milwaukee had received channels 3, 6, 8 and 10, while Madison received channel 9. Racine-Kenosha received channel 1.

Hearst applied for channel 6 in 1948. The sole out-of-state applicant had their application dismissed before the start of consolidated hearings, and WEXT (later WOKY) did the same immediately after them. That left three applicants and three channels. They petitioned the FCC for immediate grants, but the 1948-52 "freeze" was imposed shortly thereafter, and they never received them.

For details, please see the website.

- Dick :OnAir:
http://www.milwaukee-horror-hosts.com